Tags: Analytical Seminar


The Evolution of C=C Position Elucidation in Lipid Fatty Acyl Chains

Determining the unique isomeric structures of lipids is vital to understanding their biochemical functions in organisms. Distinct lipid isomers have been directly linked to a variety of disease states and properties of cellular membranes. Being able to distinguish between C=C positional isomers has proven to be particularly difficult. Traditional methods of C=C position elucidation included complex derivatization of the…


Reverse Metabolomics: An Answer for Characterizing the Functional Relationship of Bile Acids and the Gut

Bile acids (BA) are synthesized in the liver from cholesterol and utilized by the body through primary taurine and glycine (de)conjugation, while secondary BA salts undergo de-hydroxylation, dehydration, and epimerization of the cholesterol backbone. They have been linked to several well understood and unknown disease states in systems biology. Structural characterization of bile acid derivatives continues to be a challenge in metabolomic…


The Analytical Chemistry of Sports Doping Control

Performance enhancing drug (PED) use is a historic issue at the highest levels of professional competition, driving use in young amateurs and compromising the healthfulness of sport. Legal criteria for detecting PED use in athlete’s urine and blood have been in continuous development for 40 years. Illicit use of endogenous substances such as testosterone cannot be established by their presence in fluids. High precision isotope ratio mass…


Evaluating Extraction Techniques for Quantifying Residual Antibiotics Found in Honey using Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry

Honey is a widely sought-after natural product produced around the globe. It’s produced by honeybees that take up nectar from flowers and digest it in a separate stomach full of enzymes necessary to break down nectar sugar. The partially digested nectar is passed from honeybee to honeybee until its placed inside a honeycomb and dried via flapping wings. The honey is then sealed off with beeswax. Extracting honey from beehives has had the same…


Exploiting Chemical Modifications for Structural Elucidation by Mass Spectrometry

Chemical modifications combined with mass spectrometry have been extensively used for identification and quantification of compounds of interest. Applications range from sample derivatization to the use of bioconjugation and chemical probes of protein structure. The Webb Lab uses solution and gaseous chemistries to facilitate the identification of compounds and their three-dimensional structures. We have used derivatization in the gas phase, a…


New Frontiers in Photodissociation Mass Spectrometry: Challenges and Solutions

Advances in mass spectrometry instrumentation and experimental design have led to significant inroads in the characterization of biological molecules like proteins and lipids, thus translating to new applications in the field of proteomics, lipidomics and structural biology. Ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) is a fast, higher energy ion activation mode that results in extensive and information fragmentation of molecules, and ion activation/…


Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots as a Sensing Platform for the Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria

Graphene oxide quantum dots (GQDs) are a zero-dimensional (0D) nanomaterial of the carbon family that has attracted much attention in biomedical applications. Top-down and bottom-up approaches are used to synthesize GQDs. Exfoliation of carbon precursors from GQDs is a top-down strategy that includes chemical exfoliation, electrochemical exfoliation, hydrothermal/solvothermal exfoliation, and microwave/ultrasound-assisted exfoliation, whereas…


Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) for Rapid Aptamer Selection

Aptamers are ribonucleic acids (RNA) or single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) molecules that demonstrate high affinity and specificity for a wide range of targets.  These molecules possess several advantages such as good tissue penetration and are easily modified for increased stability and combination therapy.  Consequently, aptamers are used as drugs and diagnostic tools. Bioimaging, analytical reagents, and toxin/hazardous chemical detection…


Analysis of N- & O-linked Glycopeptides

Glycosylation is an important and common post translational modification in proteins. Glycoproteins are proteins that carry one of more glycans covalently attached to a polypeptide backbone, usually via N- or O-linkages. One of the most abundant glycoproteins in human serum is Immunoglobulin G (IgG), a type of antibody. IgG is composed of four subunits, two identical light chains and two identical heavy chains, forming a structure with twofold…


Characterizing Surfactants in Marine Water using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Surfactants are organic molecules that have surface active properties that reduce the surface tension of solutions. Surfactants can be found in marine water systems and originate from both natural and anthropogenic sources. These compounds are characterized by having a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail. This chemical structure causes surfactants to accumulate and orient themselves on the surface of the ocean in a microlayer of organic…
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